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A total of 53 Boeing 747 aircraft, or 3% of the total number of 747's built, first flown commercially in 1970, have been involved in accidents and incidents resulting in a hull loss, meaning that the aircraft has either been destroyed or has been damaged beyond economical repair.〔 Of the 53 Boeing 747 aircraft losses, 26 resulted in no loss of life; in one, a hostage was murdered; and in one, a terrorist died.〔(List of Boeing 747 hull losses ) retrieved 2013-02-17.〕 Some of the aircraft that were declared damaged beyond economical repair were older 747s that sustained relatively minor damage. Had these planes been newer it would have been economically viable to repair them, although with the 747's increasing obsolescence this is becoming less common.〔(Page describing N4723U incident ) retrieved 2008-01-13.〕〔(Page describing N808MC incident ) retrieved 2008-01-13.〕 747s have been involved in accidents resulting in the highest death toll of any aviation accident, the highest death toll of any single airplane accident and the highest death toll of a mid-air collision, although, as with most airliner accidents, the roots of causation in these incidents involved a confluence of multiple factors which rarely could be ascribed to flaws with the 747's design or its flying characteristics. ==1970s== * Pan Am Flight 93 was the first hull loss of a Boeing 747, the result of terrorism after it was hijacked by the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine. On September 6, 1970, a new Pan American World Airways aircraft flying from Amsterdam to New York was hijacked and flown first to Beirut, then to Cairo. Shortly after the occupants were evacuated from the aircraft after arriving at Cairo, it was blown up.〔(Page describing N752PA incident ) retrieved 2008-01-13.〕 * Japan Air Lines Flight 404, the second 747 hull loss, was very similar to the first. Japan Airlines jet was hijacked on a flight from Amsterdam to Anchorage, Alaska, on July 20, 1973, by the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine working together with the Japanese Red Army. It flew to Dubai, then Damascus, before ending its journey at Benghazi. The occupants were released and the aircraft was blown up. One of the hijackers died.〔(Page describing JA8109 incident ) retrieved 2008-01-13.〕 * Lufthansa Flight 540 was the first fatal crash of a 747. On November 20, 1974, it crashed moments after taking off from Nairobi, killing 59 people - there were 98 survivors. The cause was pilot error leading to a stall. * Imperial Iranian Air Force, flight ULF48, a 747 freighter crashed near Madrid on May 9, 1976, due to the structural failure of its left wing in flight, killing the 17 people on board. The accident investigation determined that a lightning strike caused an explosion in a fuel tank in the wing, leading to flutter and the separation of the wing.〔(Page describing the crash of IIAF 5-8104 ) retrieved 2008-01-13.〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】author=National Transportation Safety Board )〕 * KLM and Pan American World Airways, both 747s, on March 27, 1977, the highest death toll in any aviation accident in history occurred when KLM 4805 collided on the runway with Pan Am 1736 in heavy fog at Tenerife Airport, resulting in 583 fatalities. There were 61 survivors, all from the Pan Am 747. The Pan Am aircraft was the first 747 that entered commercial service.〔("1977: Hundreds dead in Tenerife plane crash" ), "On This Day." ''BBC News''. Retrieved: 26 May 2006.〕 * Air India Flight 855 crashed into the sea off the coast of Mumbai (Bombay) on New Year's Day, 1978. All 213 passengers and crew died. The cause was lack of situation awareness on the captain's part after executing a banked turn. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Boeing 747 hull losses」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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